After doing a lot of research in preparation of tinting my Genesis, here is what I have found out (corrections and/or additions are welcome):
The cost of a tint job is obviously materials and labor, and depends largely on the type and amount of film product used, and complexity/access of the windows on a specific vehicle. The geographic location and time of year can also affect the price (you usually can get the best deals during winter).
The most basic type of films are made from dyes. Dyes have a tendency to fade or change color over time, although recent advances have minimized that in some of the premium dyed products. They make the windows darker and reduce glare, but they don’t reflect a lot of heat.
Metallic films have been around for a fairly long time and they do a very good job of reflecting heat. Metallic films usually have a slight-to-moderate mirror look to them since they also reflect light. Sometimes the metal in these films can cause problems with the radio, cell phones, smart keys, GPS, etc. Obviously it will not cause a problem with an externally mounted antennae.
Some films are a combination of dyes and metal.
Ceramic or sputtered films are the newest innovation and tend to act like metallic films in that they reflect heat and UV very well without having to be extremely dark.
Ceramic films supposedly do not contain metal that can affect electronic equipment; however, some
ceramic films may have small amounts of metal in them or as an added layer.
For a particular brand and type of film, it usually is offered in various shades of visible light transmittance. For example, a company may offer a
ceramic film in 20, 30, and 50 models, which means they transmit about 20%, 35%, or 50% of visible light respectively. However a 35%
ceramic film will reflect much more heat than a 35% dyed film.
The ceramics are the most expensive, with Huper Optik
Ceramic probably the most expensive tint job you can buy (about $400 - $450 for 5 windows on a Genesis depending on location and time of year). Huper Optik is generally considered to be one of the most advanced tinting film available (excellent heat and UV protection without blocking much visible light), but it is somewhat thicker and harder to put on correctly than most other materials, especially if there are any curves in the windows (which can cause some undesirable visual effects in certain kinds of lighting if not done correctly). The Huper Optik
ceramic is also very durable and is most frequently used for plate glass windows on commercial buildings. There are relatively few Huper Optik authorized automobile installers. Some people claim that the Huper Optik
ceramic film has an additional thin layer of some kind of metallic substance, but people are divided on whether it causes any electrical interference.
http://www.huperoptikusa.com/products_ceramic.cfm
The next best
ceramic in terms of heat reflection is usually considered to be FormulaOne Pinnacle. Also relatively few authorized installers, and costs around $350 - $400 for a 5 window job on most sedans. FormulaOne also sells a number of other dyed and metallic tint products (like everyone else). FormualOne is owned by CPFilms, a division of Solutia Corporation and is considered to be their premium line of products. As far as I can tell, Pinnacle
Ceramic has no metal in it at all and may be the safest film in terms of non-interference of electrical equipment (aside from plain dyed films).
http://www.formulaone.com/
Llumar Films (also owned by CPFilms) has a product that they called "sputtered" which is a name that some people use for
ceramic, but they don't seem to use the word
ceramic on their website and I don't know if it is the same as FormulaOne Pinnacle. Llumar has a full line of films including many other dyed and metallic tint materials.
http://www.llumar.com/
There are several other major film companies including Solamatrix (SUN-GARD), Solar Guard, 3M, and others.
In addition to auto tinting, all of these companies do a significant business in providing tinting for commercial building windows and residential windows, where sunlight, radiant heat, and UV damage can be major problems.
Tint films are rated according to many specifications, such as light transmittance, heat reflectance, UV blocking, etc. The most talked-about spec is the visible light transmission (VLT) since that is what is regulated by the states in terms of how dark you can tint your windows (the regulations typically vary by window and most states do not allow any tint on the front windshield). Southern states tend to allow tints that are darker and have less VLT. The main concern is that police officers approaching a vehicle want to be able to see inside, and there is some concern to make sure drivers can see outside at night.
Here is a chart of the laws by state, but I don’t now how up to date this site is:
http://www.iwfa.com/iwfa/Law_Chart/State Law Chart 7-19-07.pdf
One problem is that if you move or even travel to another state by car, you could be governed by their laws.